MJF 3D printing (Multi Jet Fusion) is one of the most advanced additive manufacturing technologies, developed by HP. Known for its speed, cost-efficiency, and ability to produce strong and detailed parts, MJF has become an industry favorite for functional prototypes and end-use production.
In this article, we will cover what MJF 3D printing is, how it works, its advantages, common applications, and why it is a game-changer in additive manufacturing.
MJF (Multi Jet Fusion) is an industrial-grade 3D printing technology that uses a fine powder bed—typically nylon (PA 12 or PA 11)—and precision fusing agents to build parts layer by layer. Unlike SLS (Selective Laser Sintering), which uses a laser, MJF sprays fusing and detailing agents onto the powder and then applies infrared heat to solidify the material.
This method results in parts that are strong, accurate, and highly repeatable, making MJF ideal for both rapid prototyping and low-to-medium volume production.
The MJF printing process involves the following steps:
Powder Layering
A thin layer of nylon powder is spread across the build platform.
Agent Application
HP print heads jet two types of agents: a fusing agent where the part needs to solidify and a detailing agent to enhance edges and accuracy.
Heating Process
Infrared energy passes over the layer, fusing the powder where the fusing agent has been applied.
Layer-by-Layer Fusion
The build platform lowers, a new powder layer is added, and the process repeats until the part is complete.
Post-Processing
After printing, excess powder is removed and parts are bead-blasted or dyed for improved surface finish.
MJF has several unique benefits compared to other 3D printing technologies:
High Productivity – MJF is significantly faster than SLS and FDM, making it ideal for batch production.
Excellent Mechanical Properties – Parts are strong, durable, and isotropic (equal strength in all directions).
Fine Detail and Accuracy – The use of detailing agents enables sharp edges, smooth surfaces, and complex geometries.
Cost Efficiency – Reduced material waste and the ability to reuse powder lowers production costs.
Scalability – Suitable for both prototypes and large production runs.
Like any technology, MJF has a few drawbacks:
Limited Material Range – Primarily focused on nylon powders (though TPU and PP are emerging options).
Surface Finish – While smooth, parts are typically gray and may require dyeing or finishing.
Equipment Cost – Industrial MJF printers are expensive and mostly accessible to service bureaus and large companies.
MJF has rapidly gained popularity in a wide range of industries:
Used for custom brackets, housings, ducts, and lightweight prototypes.
Ideal for patient-specific devices, prosthetics, and functional testing models.
MJF produces durable parts for wearables, electronics housings, and lifestyle products.
Lightweight, strong, and heat-resistant components are made with MJF.
MJF is perfect for bridge manufacturing and on-demand spare parts.
| Feature | MJF 3D Printing | SLS 3D Printing | FDM 3D Printing |
|---|---|---|---|
| Speed | Very fast | Moderate | Slow |
| Strength | High | High | Moderate |
| Surface Finish | Smooth (gray) | Rougher | Layer lines |
| Materials | Nylon, TPU, PP | Nylon, composites | Thermoplastics |
| Best Use | Production + Prototypes | Functional prototypes | Low-cost models |
This comparison shows why MJF 3D printing is the technology of choice for companies needing scalable production with excellent part quality.
MJF 3D printing is transforming additive manufacturing with its speed, scalability, and excellent mechanical properties. While it has some limitations in material choice and requires post-processing for aesthetics, its ability to deliver durable, functional parts makes it an outstanding choice for industries like automotive, aerospace, healthcare, and consumer goods.
As HP continues to develop new materials and improve the technology, Multi Jet Fusion is set to become an even more dominant force in the world of industrial 3D printing.
